Committee highlights active engagement and thematic progress at Trade and Environment Week

Trade and Environment Week 2025

The WTO Secretariat report on the event highlighted the active engagement and vibrant discussions that took place throughout Trade and Environment Week as members and stakeholders explored the evolving relationship between trade and the environment. The 15 sessions, organized by WTO members, attracted high levels of participation, both in person and online.

Key topics included agriculture and sustainability, climate resilience, carbon measures, deforestation and the circular economy, and decarbonizing supply chains. In addition, three WTO environmental initiatives – on fossil fuel subsidies, plastic pollution and sustainable development solutions – hosted events emphasizing inclusive approaches and developing country perspectives.

Members hailed the event's successful conclusion, acknowledging the breadth and depth of its discussions and its value as a platform for sharing experiences, generating new ideas and fostering collaboration among members and diverse stakeholders to better leverage trade policy in support of environmental sustainability and climate goals.

The full programme and video recordings of the 2025 Trade and Environment Week are available here.

Submissions

At the 4 July meeting of the CTE, WTO members reviewed two submissions. The first was a joint submission by Japan and the Republic of Korea titled "Non-Binding Guidance on Methodologies for Measuring Embedded Emissions", co-sponsored by Australia and the United Kingdom. Japan explained that the proposal aims to enhance transparency and interoperability around requirements for measuring embedded emissions in cross-border goods trade. It stressed that the proposal is intended to promote cooperation and to take on board the development dimension, and does not affect members’ existing WTO rights and obligations.

A large number of delegations provided detailed and constructive comments on the new submission, and it was welcomed by many members who shared similar concerns over the high compliance costs – particularly for small businesses in developing economies and least-developed countries (LDCs) – caused by divergent approaches for measuring emissions. Several members underscored the importance of considering varying levels of development and climate responsibilities, and called for more inclusive consultations during the legislative processes.

While welcoming the increased transparency envisaged in the proposal, some members emphasized that transparency should not replace or duplicate required notifications to relevant WTO bodies, nor place additional burdens on developing members. Many expressed openness to continuing work on the proposal with the co-sponsors.

The second submission, tabled by Russia, was titled "Future Rules of Trade in Plastic Products and the WTO: Potential Conflict". This paper raised concerns that future rules emerging from the ongoing UN plastics treaty negotiations – led by the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC) – could create trade barriers, particularly for polymers and plastic products, and could conflict with WTO disciplines. The next round of INC negotiations is scheduled for August in Geneva.

While some members emphasized the need to ensure that any legally binding treaties are consistent with WTO rules, others expressed support for the ongoing negotiations on plastic pollution and the mutual supportiveness between multilateral environmental agreements and the WTO.

Follow-up to thematic sessions

The Chair of the CTE, Ambassador Erwin Bollinger of Switzerland, reported to the Committee on the outcomes of his recent consultations with members regarding the path forward further to thematic sessions on three key topics: trade-related climate measures (TRCMs), technology transfer and sustainable agriculture. Launched in November 2023 at the request of members, the thematic session series serves as a platform to deepen understanding of specific issues through concrete case studies and the sharing of practical experiences.

The Chair noted that members appreciated the fruitful exchanges in recent thematic sessions and expressed willingness to engage constructively in further discussions. On TRCMs, the exploration in greater depth of three sub-topics – transparency, development and coherence/interoperability – was seen as the right way forward. On the topic of technology transfer, members showed strong interest in continuing discussions to support developing members' green transition. Regarding sustainable agriculture, members were in favour of organizing a thematic session in October, and Barbados and the United Kingdom were appointed as moderators to help shape the agenda.

Members thanked the Chair for his report and exchanged views on the next steps. Many members underscored the need for further technical work, focused on the three sub-topics identified by the Chair, to better understand the impact of TRCMs. The new joint proposal by Japan, the Republic of Korea, Australia and the United Kingdom was cited as a valuable contribution to advancing work on improving interoperability and transparency.

Members reaffirmed their interest in deepening discussions on technology transfer and proposed various formats for experience-sharing. Broad support was voiced for the upcoming thematic session on sustainable agriculture, with a focus on environmental aspects. Members also highlighted the importance of ensuring that thematic discussions complement rather than duplicate work underway in other WTO committees.

Transparency and information-sharing

At the CTE meeting, members were briefed on developments regarding the Dialogue on Plastics Pollution and Environmentally Sustainable Plastics Trade (DPP), the Trade and Environmental Sustainability Structured Discussions (TESSD), and the Fossil Fuels Subsidy Reform (FFSR).

The WTO Secretariat presented the 2023 report of the WTO Environmental Database, issued on 8 May 2025, with a thematic focus on pollution. It also briefed members on recent and upcoming WTO technical assistance activities tailored to the requests of members, including the 2024 Advanced Thematic Course on Trade and Environment and an initiative by the WTO, World Bank Group and the World Economic Forum titled "Action on Climate and Trade" (ACT). ACT is part of the WTO technical assistance offering, and is designed to support developing economies and LDCs in leveraging trade policy to support their climate change mitigation and adaptation objectives, while also identifying opportunities for green trade-led growth.

The Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) provided an update on preparations for the 2025 Climate Change Conference (COP30), scheduled for November 2025 in Brazil. Brazil, which holds the COP30 Presidency, highlighted the COP30 Action Agenda, noting the inclusion of climate and trade as one of its key objectives. The WTO Secretariat briefed members, noting its collaboration with UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the International Trade Centre (ITC) and the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) to monitor COP30 developments, explore potential support for Brazil's priorities in the context of the COP30 Presidency, and provide updates to members as they become available.

Next meeting

The next meeting of the Committee on Trade and Environment is scheduled for the week of 3 November 2025.

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